![]() October 28: Khrushchev cables Kennedy stating he would remove missiles from Turkey in return for U.S.Simultaneously, Attorney General Robert Kennedy meets with Anatoly Dobrynin, Soviet ambassador to DC, to agree to remove missiles from Turkey.Persuaded by Llewellyn Thompson, Kennedy agrees to not invade Cuba, but ignores Khrushchev's second demand.Potential diplomatic solutions threated by the shooting down of a U-2 spy plane over Cuba.Khrushchev's Telegrams: October 26: Informs Kennedy that the USSR would remove missiles in Cuba in return for a US pledge to not invade Cuba October 27: More demanding in tone, Khrushchev insists on the inclusion of the removal of Turkish missiles in any deal over Cuba.October 24, sixteen Soviet ships turn back towards the Soviet Union: We're eyeball to eyeball and I think the other fellow just blinked- Dean Rusk.Khrushchev ignores the quarantine, sending Soviet ships with nuclear warheads towards Cuba.Kennedy orders a blockade off the island.O A military armistice was finally signed in July, 1953 at Panmunjom. puts pressure on China by threatening the use of the atomic bomb. O The war lasts another two years, causing serious casualties (over 40% were American). ![]() O Peace talks start in 1951 with focus on the repatriation of prisoners of war. Here we fight Europe's war with arms while the diplomats there still fight it with words." O MacArthur disagreed: "Here in Asia is where the Communist conspirators have elected to make their play for global conquest. O Truman decides to switch policy back to one of containing Communism above the 38th parallel O A stalemate develops around the 38th parallel O November 27, 1950, 200,000 Chinese join 150,000 North Koreans and sent the UN troops into rapid retreat: Pyongyang was recaptured in December and by the end of 1950, the North Koreans and Chinese were at the 38th parallel. O The UN march towards the Yalu River greatly concerned China. O US policy changes from "containment" to "rollback" O General MacArthur led the UN forces amphibious landing at Inchon: In one month he retakes Seoul and drives North Koreans back across the 38th parallel. O US troops arrive in Korea on July 1st under the command of American General Douglas MacArthur ![]() Korea: Since the USSR was boycotting the Security Council, the resolution passed on June 27, 1950 O The US sponsors a resolution in the UN calling for military action against N. May 1949, seeing that his gamble was failing, Stalin lifted the blockade: Showed him he had a rough road ahead, no appeasement Vital supplies such as fuel & coal were flown to 2.2 million West Berliners American & British planes flew more than 200,000 flights to Berlin in 320 days The West tried to supply Berlin from the air June 23-24, Stalin begins the total blockade of Berlin: Roads, railways, waterways linking West Berlin to the Western sector of Germany were all closed Electricity from East to West was also cut USSR left the Berlin Kommandantura The West introduces a new currency into the Western sectors of Berlin, severely upsetting Stalin March 1948, Stalin started putting transport restrictions on Western interests in Berlin Why did the post-war powers fail to unify Germany?- Germany's key strategic position & the differing aims of the main powers The increasing lack of trust between E & W as the Cold War developed The specific disputes between the post-war powers w/in Germany itself Berlin's governance was the responsibility of the Allied Kommandantura made up of 4 military governors Because of this alliance system, all of Europe quickly got entangled in a war which only involved two countries. Awkward Balance of Power and Europe's complex Alliance System. Countries fought over territories they annexed during the New Imperialism, creating more enemiesĤ. Some countries were eager to test this new equipment, a long term cause of the mass eruption of war.ģ.Imperialism (a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force ) as a Source of Conflict "This wave of nationalist militarism also manifested itself in a continuing arms race that threatened the balance of power, owing to revolutionary technological developments" like how mortars and cannons "improved in range, accuracy, and firepower", the machine gun, new submarines, airplanes, & improved naval weaponry. "after 1890, Europeans began to view the use of military power as not only practical but also desirable to bring a resolutions to the increasingly hostile political conditions in Europe"Ģ.The Arms Race (development of new technology and weaponry)
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